Back pain is considered the most common musculoskeletal condition in the adult population, with a prevalence of around 84%, i.e. five out of six people will experience back pain in adulthood. Despite its high morbidity levels, only 15% of patients with back pain are diagnosed with a specific type of low back pain, a fact that has contributed to the more than 100% increase in cases of chronic low back pain (CLBP). This condition represents the leading cause of disability worldwide.

The diagnostic evaluation of patients with back pain can be very challenging and requires complex clinical decision-making. One of the main challenges faced by specialists is to discover which of the potentially involved musculoskeletal structures is or are the source of the pain. This is a key factor in managing these patients and avoiding therapeutic errors.